Research paper in Internet Activism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Exploration paper in Internet Activism - Essay Example In this way other than amusement, such data is basic for instruction and educational purposes. The utilization of informal communities has especially impactsly affected the populations’ view of relative social topics. The objectivity and unwavering quality of relative data has been by and large undermined by the emotional idea of the commitments made by different groups of the general public. Above all, this inclination has impactsly affected the social ties that the general public holds in high respect. Through face-book, you-tube, my space and other interpersonal organizations, significant data has been handed-off to populaces over the globe. Aside from instructors, activists have utilized internet based life to arrive at different groups of the populace and convey significant issues to these. Through these, they have had the option to comprehend and welcome the perspectives on the worldwide populaces about developing social issues. Maybe the most basic data relates to that identifying with touchy issues that influence the populaces in various manners. Other than being instrumental in illuminating the general population, these interpersonal organizations have by and large subverted the validity of the data transferred over. It is against this foundation that this paper gives an unequivocal audit of web activism considering the Kohn 2012 video. To address inborn concerns, it enormously depends on optional exploration. The web has become the most recent innovative device through which data is given to the populace inside the briefest time conceivable. As indicated by research, it just requires a solitary snap to distribute significant data about rising issues and worries inside the general public. It is inescapable as exemplified by Giridharadas who refers to the Kenyan Ushahidi activity expressing it has â€Å"been utilized in India to screen decisions; in Africa to report medication deficiencies; in the Middle East to gather reports of wartime savager y; and in Washington† (Giridharadas, 3). Through informal organizations, this is obvious to an assorted populace who have bought in to the relative administrations. In like manner, these can introduce their perspectives on the specific issue inside the most brief time frame conceivable. It just expects access to web and information about its utilization to use this office. The principal world nations have found a way to guarantee that their populaces approach the electronic framework. In spite of the fact that the underdeveloped nations, for example, Kenya and Uganda have not promptly prevailing with regards to upgrading the utilization of web, utilization of telephones has truly been valuable. As indicated by Zuckerman â€Å"the most significant extremist innovation of the most recent five years is the cell phone â€Å". In particular, the utilization of Short Text informing arrangement has been significant in data spread in third world economies. Through this, populaces ca n convey valuable bits of knowledge with respect to wide going issues to an assorted populace base. The dispatch of Kony 2012 video in March, 2012 activated different contentions and discussions about the validity of utilization of web based life in activism. At first, the aim of this online video was to bring issues to light about the pioneer of Lord’s obstruction armed force, Joseph Kony. Towards the finish of the video, watchers were mentioned to help in various was to catch the war ruler with the goal that he could confront the law. The video spread so quick and inside six days, it had been seen by a huge one

Why was the battle of gettysburg a turning point free essay sample

Dynamic This paper will investigate on how the Battle of Gettysburg was a defining moment for the common war. In this paper it will incorporate how the geology of the north enormously influenced the result of the war. Likewise in this paper you will see the quantity of losses in the northern armed force also in the southern armed force. This paper will likewise incorporate how the lost of this fight extraordinarily influence southern spirit and their lost of trust in the war. For what reason was the Battle of Gettysburg a defining moment? On Independence day, 1863, the keep going thing on the brains of most Americans was praising opportunity particularly the soilders heading towards Gettysburg. You may inquire as to for what reason was The Battle of Gettysburg was a defining moment? This specific fight was a significant alter in course for the association, otherwise called the notheners, soilders since it was their first conspicuous triumph in the common war, while the southeners, otherwise called the confederates, started to lose their confidence. We will compose a custom exposition test on For what reason was the clash of gettysburg a defining moment or then again any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The Battle Gettysburg started two years after the Civil was begun in 1861.This fight was likewise viewed as one of the bloodest fights in the Civil war and is Americas most celebrated clash ever. Going to Gettysburg for the south was lead by Robert E Lee in order to win the northern most assault and assuming control over the north. (Archive A). Sadly, for the south, the norths geology was absolutely diffrent from what they are acquainted with. So with little knowlegeâ of the scene one of the defeats for the south was the topography of the north (Document A). Despite the fact that the south had won the greater part of the war before Gettysburg , the majority of the fights battled were in the south and not in the north.(Document A). Each side had its own number of setbacks after Gettysburg, however the side with the most losses was the south (Document B). There are three classes that make up the all out losses numbers slaughtered, injured, and missing(Document B). The association had 3,155 slaughtered, 5,365 missing, and 14,530 injured (Document B). While the confederates had 2,600-4,500 slaughtered, 12,800 injured, and 5,250 missing (Document B). Altogether the association had 23,000 setbacks and the confedrates was assessed between 20,650-25,000 ( Document B). By those numbers it is obvious to see that the south was harmed significantly more than the north and the north essentially injured there southern partners. The triumph for the north in the skirmish of Gettysburg supported northern resolve and caused the south to lose hope.General Robert E Lee worte two seprate letters to the confederate president Jefferson Davis written in July fourth and August eighth in the year 1863.(Document C). In the letter he composed he requested that Davis flexibly my place which intends to locate another general to supplant him (Document C). The explanation he composed those letters of abdication is a direct result of the lost clash of Gettysburg and the lost certainty of the southeners in the confederate armed force. Not long after that President Abraham Lincoln gave his acclaimed Gettysburg Address discourse (Document D). In this discourse he gave another significance to the war which was this war was battled for subjugation to be finished and not for anything else(Document D). This discourse caused the south to lose a greater amount of its spirit and expectation in the war. Despite the fact that the skirmish of Gettysburg may appear as though another fight to most it was really the significant defining moment in this war. Every side had its own shortcoming, yet the south missed the mark over the long haul. The geology of the north crushed some opportunity that the south had of winning. The quantity of losses for the south was far more noteworthy than the north. Thus, the south lost the entirety of its resolve and trust in winning this war.

Nature Topics For Essay Writing

Nature Topics For Essay WritingNature topics for essay writing can be used to give an example of a certain natural phenomenon that you observed or experienced. However, instead of giving a description of the event, you should present a history of the event.The last thing you want is to write something such as 'I saw a cow in my yard and it was so beautiful that I thought about what it would look like if it were human.' Instead, you should write, 'When I was four years old, my mother took me to the zoo and we saw a cow. It was so beautiful that I decided that I wanted to be a zoo keeper one day.'You need to think of how your essay will present this topic and include a link to where you were when you witnessed this and so that your readers can learn more about wild animals. You may also want to include a link that shows the scene as it happened to be.Nature topics for essay writing can include descriptions of the national parks that you have visited, the bird watching that you did, the hiking that you did, the fish that you caught, or the scenery that you saw during your vacation. If you do not know where to find nature topics for essay writing, then there are many great resources on the Internet that you can use. You will be able to find something for every taste and personality type that you may have.Nature topics for essay writing can help you with the types of subjects that you do not feel very comfortable writing about. It can help you if you are trying to complete your senior thesis or if you are writing for college and you want to show some personality.You will also be able to bring a little more attitude to the written assignment by giving a bit of history and showing the importance of nature. You will also be able to broaden your experience on nature topics for essay writing by giving examples of the things that you saw, such as a photograph, a time line, or the way you experienced it.Remember that there is no reason that you cannot take part in taking p art in these activities as well. You do not have to go camping each summer if you do not want to. The point is that you can use nature topics for essay writing to add some personality and show off some information that you have gathered.The main subject of this article is to give you examples of nature topics for essay writing and to get you started with learning how to use this to your advantage. Once you have learned how to write a thesis, then you can move on to other forms of writing. There are lots of things that you can do with nature topics for essay writing.

Content Analysis Of Gender Roles Essay - 2024 Words

Collins, R. L. (2011). Content Analysis of Gender Roles in Media: Where Are We Now and Where Should We Go? Sex Roles, 64(3-4), 290-298. The key research question of ‘Gender Roles in Media’ is to analyze gender roles to determine how women are represented in an array of media and how they are portrayed in a sexualized manner. The study was published in 2010 and 2011 by Rudy et al in two issues of Sex Roles. The research suggests that an increase in representing women in the media can be worthy provided they bear in mind that the way women are depicted is positive in order to alleviate negative connotations. The research queries if the media can affect the mindset of viewers in a negative or positive manner. 2. The study revealed comprehensively that in all forms of media girls and women are under represented. Research notes that although the role of women in society has changed dramatically over the years there is still a disproportion of male and female representation. The research indicates that the media climate is representative of the 1950’s versus 2010. The research leads to the question of how consumers are affected by media content. Will young females feel less important or have lower self esteem if they are not appropriately represented in the media? Another area of under representation is with respect to health related media content. This begs the question as to whether women’s risk factors relating to specific health concerns are overlooked. The studyShow MoreRelatedContent Analysis Of Gender Roles Essay2021 Words   |  9 PagesPart B Collins, R. L. (2011). Content Analysis of Gender Roles in Media: Where Are We Now and Where Should We Go? Sex Roles, 64(3-4), 290-298. The key research question of ‘Gender Roles in Media’ is to analyze gender roles to determine how women are represented in an array of media and how they are portrayed in a sexualized manner. The study was published in 2010 and 2011 by Rudy et al in two issues of Sex Roles. The research suggests that an increase in representing women in media can be worthyRead MoreA Modern Wall Street Journal Survey1537 Words   |  7 Pagesfeaturing in the context of consumer magazine advertisements. Content analysis was chosen for it is the best at providing â€Å"a scientific, quantitative, and generalizable description of communications content† (Kassarjian, 1977, p. For example, the advertisement for Stove Master, a very-cleaning oven quarantine the women as a housewife within the domestic sphere. However, advertisements of cosmetics may also show females in no-traditional roles, which feature as successful professionals that endorse theRead MoreThe Networks Creation And Ev olution Of Powerful Girl Characters1576 Words   |  7 Pages Via textual analysis, content analysis, discourse analysis, interviews, and primary and secondary sources, this study used a cultural studies and historical lens to explore and comprehend the representation of tween girls on Disney Channel television series. This research project sought to answer questions about meanings of the network’s creation and evolution of powerful girl characters. In so doing, it examined culture—particularly dominant American ideologies about girls— and industryRead MorePortrayal Of Gender Stereotypes Of Children s Television Commercials1639 Words   |  7 Pages Portrayal of Gender Stereotypes in Children’s Television Commercials. Liuyi Bian University of Florida Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in gender portrayal in children’s television commercials. The hypothesis that stated, if an observed television program is determined to be intended for girls, then the colors used in the commercials would be predominantly intended for girls, is strongly supported. To do content analysis, we first gathered a sampleRead MoreGender Roles And The Media867 Words   |  4 Pagesmany roles that men have, such as, police officer, doctor and running to become president, while a nurse and teacher have emerged as both men and women jobs. Over time, the media show how gender role had changed but are what the media is showing the truth about the gender roles in the United States. Historian and scholar had written about this subject of gender roles and how the media affect our view. Thesis statement Reality vs. Fiction Is the media giving the public a reality of how gender rolesRead MoreThe Existential Paralysis Of Women1402 Words   |  6 PagesThe Masculinized World: An Analysis of the Historical Construction of Domestic Servitude in Simone de Beauvoir’s â€Å"The Existential Paralysis of Women† and in Jane Austen’s Sense and Sensibility This literary study will define the historical construction of submissive female gender roles in the domestic sphere in Simone de Beauvoir’s â€Å"The Existential Paralysis of Women† and in Jane Austen’s Sense and Sensibility. Beauvoir’s article defines the suffering that women endure as servants in the home dueRead MoreHow Women Are Portrayed On Advertising And The Second Looks At This Time1104 Words   |  5 Pagesseparate examinations on the role of humor in gender stereotypes. The first one is the role of humor seen in television advertisements and the second looks at peoples attitudes toward humorous and non-humorous ads that have gender stereotypes in them and how that would affect a persons desire to buy. There has been a lot of research done on the gender stereotyping, especially on advertisement and the affect it has on society. The results of previous research find that gender stereotypes reinforce stereotypesRead MoreAnalysis of Contemporary M agazine Content1183 Words   |  5 PagesAnalysis of Contemporary Magazine Content Introduction In the twenty-first century, both men and women have become targeted groups in advertising. Both target markets are flooded with images and content that promotes stereotypical sexual identities that are based on sexual images as well as cultural notions of gender roles. When flipping through a magazine a woman or girl would see ads for cosmetic surgery, makeup, wedding dresses, perfume, diets, jewelry and the list goes on. Women are affectedRead MoreAnalysis Of A Trailer Of A Movie Or Advertisement From A Systemic Functional Analysis1344 Words   |  6 PagesAn analysis of a trailer of a movie or advertisement from a systemic functional analysis can be used to identify the semiotic techniques or resources that are the aspects for gender stereotypes. Semiotic resources such as perspective angle, gaze, and the plane of composition are used to investigate the stereotype implications of masculine and feminist. These same resources are applicable to advertisements (Terence).This paper d iscusses the gender semiotic facts in filming based on a review of FastRead MoreThe Effects Of Media On Gay Male Body Image1209 Words   |  5 PagesSexuality in Gay- and Lesbian-Oriented Media: A Quantitative Content Analysis. Sexuality Culture, 19(1), 37-56. Media is where Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual (LGB) teens gather information about sex and sexuality due to the absence of interpersonal resources to provide information, validate, or providing information for this particular group. Therefore, media poses a great influence on LGB teens. Bond conducted a quantitative content analysis, specifically on gay-lesbian oriented (GLO) media to gain

Essay on Sexual Harassment of Teens In The Workplace

For millions of teenagers working in the American workforce, being sexually harassed is not an uncommon occurrence in their daily work environment. Unfortunately, teenagers in the workforce become particularly vulnerable to acts of harassment because they lack awareness about their rights as an employee and do not have enough work experience or maturity to address situations that arise in the work environment. These teenagers are usually part-time workers, overlooked for training, view their supervisors as having the ultimate authority over their job, and are more likely to be unaware of harassment policies than other workers within the workforce. Despite all of these factors, more and more organizations in industries like retail (i.e.†¦show more content†¦As a result, defending teenagers has and will become a more prevalent occurrence within the workforce that will require more awareness by employers and more protections from Congress to ensure that an equal and safe wor k environment is being provided to all employees. Beginning with the passage of the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) in 1938, Congress granted children (i.e. teens) the right to work while at the same time establishing a foundation of protections that directly affected this right within the American workforce. Under the original terms of the FLSA, it was not required that a parent give consent to their child in order for them to work but did limit the type and amount of work a child could perform. Specifically, it prohibited any person under the age of eighteen from performing hazardous work including those jobs that entailed mining, roofing, demolition, or operating a motor vehicle to name a few. Since its enactment, though, the FLSA has been amended several times and continues to evolve with changes in the American workforce. Many, if not all of State governments have supplemented the act with their own legislation that provides teens even greater protections if they were to enter into the workforce. Where the federal and stat e child labor laws differ, the law providing greater protections for children usually applies ifShow MoreRelatedMedia Exposure Has Influenced An Individual s Opinion1476 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction It is no surprise that teens are almost always on a mobile device or a computer. In a Swedish survey conducted by Findhal and Zimic, 99% of 12-24 year olds have internet access (Mattebo, Larsson, Tyden, Olsson, Haggstrom-Nordin 2012). Media exposure has influenced an individual’s opinion because it has been known to reflect the public opinion (Chia Gunther 2006). According Fields and Schuman, as cited by Chia and Gunther (2006), the influence the media has done is known as a projectionRead MoreCauses of Homophobic Bullying1551 Words   |  6 Pages is bullying people who are gay, lesbian, or just different, (Joel Burns Tells Gay Teens It Gets Better.). The speech was powerful enough, and with just enough personal experience interjected, that it became an overnight internet sensation as well as a Technology, Education, Design (TED): Ideas Worth Spreading video. The speech by Burns refers both to the causes and the effects of bullying based on sexual orientation, simply refer red to as homophobic bullying. Homophobic bullying is a phenomenonRead MoreDiversity Paper892 Words   |  4 Pagesindividual human behavior. Human behavior is the collection of activities by human beings and culture, emotions, ethnicity, gender, age, socioeconomic status, sexual orientation, religion, occupation, skills and abilities, personality traits, and values. This paper will discuss the impact that race and ethnicity, age, gender, and sexual orientation have on an individuals behavior. Human behavior is impacted greatly by race and ethnicity. Human behavior can easily be affected by stereotypesRead MoreOrganizations and Awareness towards LGBT Rights, Equality and Acceptance1298 Words   |  6 Pagesone’s sexual orientation. According to the gay bullying statistics from the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) community, â€Å"About one fourth of all students from elementary age through high school are the victims of bullying and harassment while on school property because of their race, ethnicity, gender, disability, religion, or sexual orientation.† Being set apart from the norm is the primary reason for this particular type of bullying. To stop this discrimination based on sexual orientationRead MoreSave The Children The Legal Abandonment Of Children907 Words   |  4 Pageswork more hours are more interested in adult activities such as substance abuse, and sexual activities, as well as partying, going to nightclubs and other activit ies that many adults engage in. In dealing with juveniles at the work place, there are many other risk that are many other hazards and events that occur. When juveniles enter the workplace they are most likely to get into more car accidents than teens who are attending school on a full time basis, they suffer from sickness more oftenRead MoreThe Ethics Of The Canadian Law System1902 Words   |  8 Pagesable to follow it. The Quebec government has taken harassment and violence between students very seriously by enforcing this law in schools because they care for the wellbeing of the students. They inform schools on ways to handle the situations formally to make sure it does not happen again. Through Quebec enforcing this law in schools, proves that Canadian law adequately addresses issues on bullying. In the An End To Workplace Bullying And Harassment – One Step Closer In British Columbia article, itRead MoreGender Equality : A Fundamental Principle Of International H uman Rights1229 Words   |  5 Pagesremain. On average, women in the labour market still earn 24 percent less than men globally. Only 22 percent of all national parliamentarians were female. Worldwide, 35 percent of women have experienced either physical and/or sexual intimate partner violence or non-partner sexual violence. Violence and abuse affect women from all kinds of backgrounds every day. On occasion, women are attacked by stranger, but mainly they are hurt by people who are often close to them. Violence and abuse can cause terribleRead MoreHow Should Bullying Be Stopped, And What Laws Are There Against Bullying?1970 Words   |  8 Pagesforms of bullying, and while states legally require anti-bullying policies, the majority of the states do not cover all areas-for example, cyberbullying. Although most cases deal with bullying in schools, there are many cases of bullying in the workplace for adults, also. Literature Review Bullying in Preadolescents When one thinks of bullying, most think about young children in grade school and young adults in high school. Bullying is said to be one of the most underreported safety issues inRead MoreAge Groups And The Lifecycle1432 Words   |  6 Pagesviewpoints of binary assumptions – girl or boy. Gender roles are established at an early age and children learn from their parents and caretakers of what is â€Å"right and wrong† in behaviors and preferences for specific genders. However, for children who are sexual minorities this can be a confusing time developmentally. â€Å"Children with transgender identities often live their lives in a gender role that is clearly defined, albeit in the opposite role of their biological sex [†¦ and] not every person who exploresRead MoreDiscrimination And Discrimination Within The Workplace919 Words   |  4 Pagesbecause of their race, sexual orientation, religion, or gender is an example of discrimination. Treating people poorly or misjudging individuals due to their race or gender is also a form of discrimination. The public eye fails to realize that discrimination has led to many individuals quitting their jobs or, worse, doing harm to the aggressor or themselves. There are several methods of discriminating in the workforce. The most prominent form of discrimination within the workplace is based on a person’s

Pollution Analysis Essay - 2869 Words

Michael Abate Energy: Ecology amp; Economy April 4, 2011 Section 1 Instructor: Dr. Eric Malm Pollution Analysis Pollution can take many forms. The air we breathe, the water we drink, the ground where we grow our food, and even the increasing noise we hear every day all contribute to health problems and a lower quality of life. Pollution is everywhere. Pollution is the unwanted introduction of substances that harm or destroy the atmosphere and our environment. The Economy is slowing; third world nations have political unrest. Our culture is more focused on obtaining material possessions then addressing our geological problems. In this essay I am going to identify the history, causes of pollution, effects on our planet, and the†¦show more content†¦Air pollution from automobiles from the industrial processes, and the burning of coal in factories and in homes also became a serious problem. In the 19th century, episodes of smog in cities like New York and London resulted in many deaths. The rising problems of pollution led to the formation of the National Coast Anti Pollution League. It was formed by municipal officials from Atlantic City to Maine who are concerned with oil and sewage pollution detracting from tourism from the areas. Led by Gifford Pinchot, Teddy Roosevelt the league succeeds with an international oil dumping treaty passed by Congress in 1924. In late October of 1948, 20 people were asphyxiated and more than 7,000 became seriously ill as the result of severe air pollution over Donora, Pennsylvania. In response was The Air Pollution control act that declared that air pollution was a danger to public health and welfare, but preserved the primary responsibilities and rights of the States and local government in controlling air pollution. The Seventies was the decade of awakening and clean up it began with the birth of the Environmental Protection Agency. The EPA is an agency of the federal government of the United States charged with protecting human health and the environment, by writing and enforcingShow MoreRelatedAnalysis O f The Article Ocean Of Pollution 849 Words   |  4 Pagesarticle â€Å"Ocean of pollution,† the author, Dahr Jamail, makes a strong case for that fact that human activities drive oceans pollution in a terrible situation. He begins by briefly outlining how quickly plastic pollution in the oceans has increased in only few decades along with human behaviour. Dahr then continues on to describe the doubling â€Å"dead zones† appears unnaturally have impacts on sea life, even the food chain. The article concludes by stating the solution for the oceans pollution. Clearly, theRead MoreSecurity Analysis Of A Protocol For Pollution Attack Detection1459 Words   |  6 PagesABSTRACT The following technical paper â€Å"Security Analysis of a Protocol for Pollution Attack Detection† is based on the concept of network coding. Since we have a limited bandwidth it becomes imperative for us to optimize our network in such a way that we can make maximum use of the network resources. Network coding allows us to do that. It achieves this by combining different packets that it receives at a node into one single packet for transmission, instead of simply taking and forwarding theRead MoreMaking Better Decisions on Environmental Issues997 Words   |  4 Pagesfrom scientific researches, as well as the continuous improvement of the computer and GIS technology, all call for wider and deeper application of GIS in the environment field, such as the environmental management, environmental impact assessment, pollution monitoring, environmental graphics, etc. In ArcGIS, one well-known product of ESRI, various analytical tools are used to help people make better decisions o n environmental issues. GIS is an interdisciplinary technology, integrated by computer scienceRead MoreA Cleaner Planet : What Do Know About Coal?1419 Words   |  6 Pagesdo know about coal. We know that it creates heat and it runs are factories that make the thing that use greedy first world country people need to have. Coal energy powers that world we mine it everyday and pollute our air with it every second. Pollution is a problem now whether or not you thing that global warming is a thing or not are airs are still polluted almost to the point of no return. But is there a slight chance that one human being cares enough and has the resources to fix this. WellRead MoreThe Economic Development Of Bangladesh1710 Words   |  7 Pagesturn also is a reason for pollution and environmental degradation. Poor still remain poor for the cruel pollution-poverty cycle, while pollution and environmental degradation increases with mass industrialization, contributing to increased poverty. Land degradation is due to improper agriculture actions as well as social and environmental effects related to these practices which is increasing many parts of this country. Deforestation, water, air and industrial pollution, unsustainable land use, intenseRead MoreHuman Reliance On A Healthy Environment1321 Words   |  6 Pagesenvironment has a profound effect on the operations of any organization in that it is typically beneficial, not only for posterity, but also for the sustainability of the industry, to minimize negative environmental impacts. For the purpose of quantitative analysis, organizations use environmental costing approaches to measure the effects resulting from its operations. The ongoing negotiation in Paris, symbolizing a global unification following devastating terrorist attacks, attest to the level of importanceRead MoreHow Humans Have Affedted the Antartic Food Web1041 Words   |  5 PagesCase-In-Point Analysis Bernetta Moss Environmental Issues and Ethics/SCI362 February 24, 2012 Instructor: Brandy Schroeder Case-In-Point Analysis Antarctica is certainly the most pristine environment left on the earth. Unfortunately this is no longer the case because of multiple human activities that have led to environmental issues and concerns such as pollution, ozone layer thinning, global warming etc. Human impact is a serious threat to ecosystem and food chain of Antarctica. In theRead MoreGarbage Pollution1616 Words   |  7 PagesMy Assignment on Garbage Pollution Name: Adrian Stephenson Center #: 100152 Candidate’s: 100152075 Territory: Jamaica Proficiency: General Acknowledgement I would like to acknowledge all the persons who have helped me to complete this assignment. These persons are my mother and my social studies teacher. Introduction This school based assessment is based on garbage pollution. The area chosen for survey on garbage pollution is the community of august town. You will learn about the causes that contributeRead MoreA Brief Note On Pollution And Its Effects On People s Daily Life1238 Words   |  5 PagesPollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change. Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat or light. Pollutants, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances or energies or naturally occurring contaminants (Ally). In this day and age, the issue of pollution is quite serious: smog is rampant in the mainland of China, land pollution caused by trash is one of the most serious global issues,Read MoreIssues of Global Warming and Industrial Pollution1559 Words   |  7 Pages Therefore, it becomes very important to study the impacts of industrial pollution and threats to bio diversity closely while studying about Human Rights. Industrial pollution is one of the main causes of pollution worldwide. Industrial activities are a major source of air, water and land pollution, leading to illness and loss of life all over the world. The World Health Organization estimates that outdoor air pollution alone accounts for around 2% of all heart and lung diseases, about 5% of

Petroleum Tax Laws Policies and Fiscal Systems

Question: Discuss about the Petroleum Tax Laws for Policies and Fiscal Systems. Answer: Introduction Petroleum revenue is of fundamental importance for oil producing countries to escape mismanagement and it is imperative that policies and fiscal measures to be implemented to have the capacity manage petroleum industry effectively and efficiently (Arbitration, 2007). However, many are times when petroleum laws are contested therefore the need to appoint arbiters for resolution of these disputes. Any indication related to both the number of arbitrators and their selection, in accordance with the provisions of this Regulation and the appointment of arbitrator in cases required intervention center; comments relating to arbitration of petroleum tax laws, policies and fiscal systems are final after the ruling. Composition of the Court Article seven in chamber of commerce rules on arbitration includes the decision by parties on appointment, replacement and conformation of an arbitrator being final and needless of explanation. Article eight stipulates the number of arbitrator in resolving of a dispute; The number of arbitrators to resolve a dispute may be one or three. In the absence of agreement between the parties on the of arbitrators numbers, the dispute shall be settled by only one arbitrator unless the chamber of commerce determines that the tribunal arbitral be composed of any three arbitrators (International arbitration, 1984). For parties in latter case, every party will be given only 15 days to appoint independent arbitrator, after notification receipt of the decision of the chamber in this regard, for confirmation. In the event that the parties should agree that the dispute will be resolved by one arbitrator, may appoint by common agreement for confirmation by chamber. Arbitratration charges Pursuant to arbitration rules, there must be a filing fee of us $3000. The filing fee is non refundable. Advance on costs comprises the advance fees on arbiters and shall be fixed by the arbitrations cost. Based on the amount to be claimed, the arbitrator shall set the administrative espenses and the rules requires that the amounts shall not esceed the claimants amount. It should also be noted that each party shall be liable to pay its equal share of the total costs advanced. A bank guarantee shall be posted if the amount exceeds the threshold amounts which is usually $ 500,000 and the court may modify the threshold according to articles 36(2) and articles 36(4). Appointment, Confirmation and Acceptance of Arbitrators Unless otherwise agreed by the parties, the chamber shall, to appoint or confirm one or more arbitrators as appropriate, consider the background such as the nationality of the different parts and the rest of the arbitral tribunal, should be collegial, also his availability and suitability of arbitrators who are chosen to conduct the arbitration in accordance with this Regulation. In the event that the dispute be resolved by a single arbitrator, his nationality is different from the parties, unless the chamber deems otherwise after consultation with the parties, which may object on grounds. The same applies in the case of the president of a tribunal of three members. In which there is no agreement on the appointment event will be the chamber who made the appointment of the arbitrator in question. Every arbitrator must be and remain, at all times, independent and impartial party. In an arbitration tribunal of three arbitrators, if an arbitrator refuses to participate in the arbitration despite not the termination of their functions have been formally declared, the other members of the arbitral tribunal may continue the arbitral proceedings. If the arbitrators decide to continue with the arbitration proceedings, any decision, procedural order or award will be fully valid. That said, the most important reform for Petroleum industry is referred to a comprehensive fiscal reform, which allows one to take the oil company of the federal budget and reinvest their income, making the opening of the oil industry competitive attractive to private investment. Conclusion Petroleum industry needs to rebuild its "fiscal cushions or pads and" as protection against possible negative shocks, under the fragile global economic environment. However, reconstruct the "fiscal buffers" can be a long and complicated process to address the decline in oil production in the medium term and spending. (Sarin Sarin, 2010) References Arbitration. (2007). [Washington, D.C.]. Commercial arbitration. (1911). [New York?]. International arbitration. (1984). [London?]. Rules and by-laws of the Chamber of Commerce of Minneapolis, Minnesota. (1934). [Minneapolis, Minn.]. Sarin, H. Sarin, M. (2010). Encyclopaedia of petroleum laws. New Delhi: Universal Law Pub. Co.

Bail Out vs. Bale Out

Bail Out vs. Bale Out Bail Out vs. Bale Out Bail Out vs. Bale Out By Maeve Maddox Reading A Presumption of Death by Jill Paton, (St. Martin’s Minotaur, New York, 2003), I was distracted by the author’s frequent references to the necessity of a pilot’s having to â€Å"bale out† of his aircraft. How odd, I thought, that such a spelling error would slip by in a book of this quality. Surely the expression should be spelled â€Å"bail out.† According to a UK source (The Phrase Finder), the choice between â€Å"bail out† and â€Å"bale out† depends upon one’s way of viewing the act of leaving the aircraft. The person who says, â€Å"bale out† is thinking of the parachuted person as a bundle being pushed out, like a bale of hay, whereas the person who says â€Å"bail out† is thinking of the act of pouring water from a boat. This explanation might make sense if all English speakers agreed as to the spelling of the water idiom as â€Å"bail out.† Apparently some British speakers prefer to â€Å"bale out† boats. Nearly 90 years ago, H. W. Fowler (Modern English Usage, 1st edition, 1926) took a stand for bail: bail is right, bale wrong, in the sense throw water out; the derivation is from French baille, bucket. Fowler made no pronouncement on how to spell the word for jumping out of an airplane, most probably because he hadn’t heard of it yet. The earliest OED citation of bail in that sense is an American source dated 1925. The first citation for â€Å"bale out† is dated 1939. Fowler’s successor Sir Ernest Gowers (Modern English Usage, 2nd edition, 1965) dismissed the relevance of etymology in favor of â€Å"differentiation†: bail out, bale out. The OED says that [the spelling bail] should be used for emptying a boat of water; bale is ‘erroneous’ because the derivation is from French baille, bucket. But, perhaps owing to an instinct for differentiation, popular usage prefers bale both for this and for making a parachute descent from an aircraft in an emergency. The OED now has an entry for bale in the sense of â€Å"To lade or throw water out of a boat or ship with buckets,† but explains its etymology as an â€Å"erroneous spelling of bail.† The Guardian/Observer Style Guide has adopted the spelling bale for both jumping from an airplane and for pouring water out of a boat: bail out a prisoner, a company or person in financial difficulty; but  bale out  a boat or from an aircraft. Other British news sources, however, seem to prefer bail: Daily Mail Incredible story of the Lancaster pilot who bailed out over Germany whose life was saved when a searchlight helped him find his parachute Mirror Bedfordshire plane crash: Photos of wreckage show pilot may have tried to bail out. BBC NZ skydivers bail out over Lake Taupo as plane crashes. Telegraph Amid the 70th anniversary commemorations this summer it can be disclosed that at least 200 pilots died â€Å"needlessly† in 1940 after bailing out over water. Even The Guardian mixes the two spellings in the obituary of Flight Lieutenant William Walker that appears in its US edition: the bale spelling appears in a photo caption and the bail spelling in the article that follows. The UK edition of The Guardian has â€Å"bale out† in the text as well as in the caption, but Walker’s obituary in both The Telegraph and The Independent has him bailing out. Finally, the Ngram Viewer grid shows â€Å"bail out† far above â€Å"bale out† in printed usage. Bottom line: If you don’t have strong reasons to do otherwise, stick to bail for exiting an airplane and for throwing water out of a boat. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Coordinating vs. Subordinating ConjunctionsThe Difference Between "will" and "shall"The Uses of â€Å"The†

How to Write a Perfect Cosmetology Resume (Examples Included)

How to Write a Perfect Cosmetology Resume (Examples Included) someone once said â€Å"the clothes make the man,† but whoever that person was, he or she must not have had a great haircut. or facial. if you have had such an experience, then you know how much better and more confident you feel after a good appointment with your friendly local cosmetologist, who can help you make exactly the tweaks you need to make yourself shine. if you’re one of these skilled professionals yourself, think of your resume revamp as a makeover: taking what you’ve already got, and putting some gel and maybe a good moisturizer on it to take it to the next level. if you’re an aspiring cosmetologist or one who already knows the ropes, the key to your next great opportunity is your resume. as you start to think about how to construct your best resume, let’s look at three cosmetologists on slightly different paths: one just starting out, one hair stylist, and an esthetician.first up is ginny, who’s just starting out in the cosmeto logy field.download this resume in ms worduntil recently, ginny was a student, gathering experience while she completed her certificate and got her cosmetology license. so while she hasn’t been a fulls)How to Write a Perfect Occupational Therapist ResumeHow to Write a Perfect Physician Assistant Resume (Examples Included)How to Write a Perfect Receptionist Resume (Examples Included)How to Create a Perfect Retail ResumeHow to Write a Perfect Sales Associate Resume (Examples Included)How to Write a Perfect Social Worker Resume (Examples Included)How to Write a Perfect Truck Driver Resume (With Examples)

Foreign Direct Investment in Australia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Foreign Direct Investment in Australia - Essay Example Demand for goods and services in the Pilbara's state, Western Australia, grew by 11% in 2007. Studies have touted the benefits of foreign direct investment. (China Elections and Governance, May 8, 2008). Chinese investment in Australia's iron-ore business is increasing. Gindalbie, an Australian iron-ore miner, and Ansteel, a Chinese steelmaker, agreed to invest A$1.8 billion in a joint venture to develop a mine in Western Australia in 2007. This new investment translates to5,000 new jobs. (China Elections and Governance, May 8, 2008) Foreign direct investment (FDI) should be free from the strict controls which are implemented by host governments. (Main Idea Statement). Foreign direct investment has speeded up the economic development of Australia. If the foreign direct investment in the iron ore and coal mining sector continues, Western Australia will need an extra 400,000 workers within 10 years ding to the Australian Chamber of Commerce. Australia has entered its 17th year of uninterrupted growth. The pace of domestic demand that monetary authorities have pushed interest rates to their highest in close to 12 years in order to combat inflation. Inflation has been identified as the country's chief economic ill. Skills shortage and infrastructure bottlenecks at congested ports continue to hound the growing economy. Due to the massive foreign direct investments, Australia's unemployment record is at a 33-year low, net immigration is at a record high and the prices paid for Australia's most important exports such as iron ore, coal and have risen. Moreover, household wealth has more than doubled in 15 years, the national car fleet is younger than befo re and contains more luxury brands, while homes are replete with high-end consumer electronics. The federal and state governments have registered budget surpluses and A$31bn (US$28bn, 14bn, 18bn) in tax cuts will soon be handed to the twenty one million population. The China-led boom in Australia is expected to last for many years as China is heavily dependent on imported raw materials for industrial production.British foreign direct investment in Australia spans several industries. The UK companies dominate EU direct investment in Australia at about 53 per cent. The UK is the second-largest source of direct investment in Australia behind the United States. The level of the UK's direct investment in Australia was about $51 billion. British firms held substantial investments in Australia, setting up operations in the resources and energy sector (for example, Shell and Rio Tinto-Zinc), telecommunications (Vodafone and British Telecommunications) and food and beverages (Cadbury and Uni lever). (DFAT, 2005). Moreover, Germany has 330 subsidiary companies and 470 branch offices in Australia. German investments are in banking and finance (Deutsche Bank), automotives (DaimlerChrysler, BMW, Bosch, Hella and VDO), telecommunications (Siemens) and chemicals (Boehringer, Schering). These investments have increased the economic growth of Australia. (DFAT Report, 2005) Free trade fosters the inflow of foreign direct investment hence, enhancing competition and innovation. (Heritage website). One of the supporting reasons for free trade is greater access to a greater variety of goods and services.The second argument is that trade generates economic growth. The Asean Free Trade Area registered a growth of 8% per annum due to the influx of foreign direct

Strategic Marketing Planningfor SMEs in Zimbabwe Dissertation

Strategic Marketing Planningfor SMEs in Zimbabwe - Dissertation Example When it was termed that the strategic planning was not feasible, practitioners might want to emphasise short term planning for SMEs in Zimbabwe. Further, the findings for the case of SMEs in Zimbabwe could provide a basis for further study on the implications of strategic planning for other developing countries, and for countries in similar economic and political conditions to Zimbabwe. Acknowledgement I am greatly indebted to my dissertation supervisor, Professor David Crick, who has constantly provided me with his support, encouragement, and guidance. Declaration I, Charles Mudekunye, declare that all information in this project has been compiled by me. Any quoting is stated as so, and when references are made to previous work, they appear as references at the end of the report. No part of this dissertation has been submitted in support of an application for another degree or qualification from the university or any other institute of learning. Charles Mudekunye19th September 2006 Table of Contents Abstract 1 Acknowledgement 2 Declaration 3 Table of Contents... The review, analysis, discussion and case studies in the paper conclude that the strategic planning is necessary for the success of SMEs. Too much of it can also result in non-productive situations in the environment like Zimbabwe. The reason is that the long-term strategic planning cannot be applicable for the situation in the Zimbabwe. The reason is that the inflation and interest rates are changing sometimes on a quarterly basis. The market availability for the majority of the businesses was less and this restricts the use of strategic planning. The SMEs are finding tough to get funds in the form of loans as the lending rates are higher. These higher lending rates can come down when the inflation comes down and government decreases internal borrowings. So this lapse cannot be addressed immediately and can be solved in the course of time as the agricultural production increases and people spend less on agriculture and find enough money to spend on other goods. This study makes a conclusion that the prevailing inflation is capable of restricting the majority of the people to spend money on the things other than food, clothing, and housing. As the market was absent, the banks and financial institutions are also not finding enough businesses to lend their money. This, in turn, was resulting in nonavailability of the funds for low interest. The government should not budge to these types of pressures and must encourage the domestic industry to increase the production, which is capable of increasing the value of the ZWD.

The Army as a Profession of Arms Essay Example for Free

The Army as a Profession of Arms Essay As the Army transitions from the battlefields of Iraq and Afghanistan, the organization is well served to take a long look in the mirror. After ten plus years of deployments, our combat tested warriors are sure to possess more than enough valuable knowledge to reinforce and improve upon our status as a profession. A Tracdoc  published paper explains â€Å"to be a professional is to understand, embrace, and competently practice the expertise of the profession. † I believe the profession of arms exists and there are many components that reinforce this argument. Among these components, initial entry training and institutional learning, shared values, and a monopoly on our mission are three of the most important tenants. All Soldiers must graduate from Basic Combat Training and all officers must graduate from a commissioning source. Similar to medical school or law school in other traditional professions, these schools set the foundation for years of practice that will lead to expert work. From the first day in these schools, Soldiers are taught the seven Army values and the Soldiers creed. Comparable to the Hippocratic Oath, these words set basic principles all Soldiers must live by. Last, no other organization has the knowledge, material, or will to ensure national defense and security. The Army’s unique and expert work ensures it is a profession in the truest sense of the word. First, the Army provides specialized training and qualifications for its members. This initial training starts with BCT and a commissioning sources and continues through Advanced Individual Training for enlisted and the branch specific Basic Officer Leader Courses. Starting at the beginning of IET Soldiers are basically apprentices. All share knowledge common to members but unique to our organization. NCO’s and Company grade officers could be looked at as Journeymen. Have proven skills and knowledge. Senior NCO’s and Field Grade and Senior Officers are Master’s. All are professions but on different training paths. Also, Soldiers continue to qualify in the form of Military Occupational Specialty training, Army Physical Fitness Tests, and weapon qualifications that demonstrate a members potential for service throughout a career. According to Tracdoc commander General Robert Cone, it takes â€Å"years of hard work to reemphasize training and doctrine and years of individuals seeking to professionally improve themselves and the profession† to reach the desired end state of masters in the profession of arms. Second, the Army is governed by two related ethos. On the first day of initial training Soldiers are taught the importance of the seven Army values and begin to memorize the Soldier’s Creed. Like doctors and lawyers, â€Å"the military is an expert group, charged by its client to conduct work governed by a professional ethic† according to Lieutenant General Robert Caslen. A recent study commissioned by the Army found that 93% of Soldiers share their personal with the one set by the Army. Again, according to Caslen â€Å"the Army Values have sustained our institution through some of our most difficult years and will continue to be the foundation of our profession. † Last, no one else can provide national level security. A monopoly on the expert work that is to be performed is true of all professions. Caslen states that the American people â€Å"expect us to stand in the gap between the evil that is out there and our Nation’s values and our citizens themselves†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . This overwhelming charge is true to the profession of arms and can only be expected of experts in our given field. In conclusion, I believe the United States Army is a profession led by masters who are constantly training and mentoring expert replacements who execute their mission with the core values that have guided us for years. According to Brigadier General Sean MacFarland, â€Å"when we examine the key attributes of our profession, we can never lose sight of this underlying truth, because it sets us apart from all others. †

Ebonics Essay examples -- Culture American Language Rap Ebonics Essays

Ebonics INTRODUCTION The main topic of this paper is the USA, and I have chosen to concentrate on a fairly new issue, the language know as Ebonics. There have always been changes in the English language. This is how the language came about and evolved from standard British English to American English. During the last few years, as the world has become more sensitive to the rights of minorities, women, animals, etc. a new form of changes has taken place. These changes have become known as Political Correctness. Ebonics is the political correct version of Afro-American English. I intend to show that – and comment on how – racialism and competition affects a society and how this, in the case of Ebonics, is actually happening in today's America. Nuuk February 1997 Ral Fleischer THE QUESTIONS ASKED I will attempt to answer the following questions about Ebonics; - what is Ebonics? - what are the underlying reasons behind Ebonics? - who is prospering from Ebonics? What is Ebonics? Most people outside of America have at most but a vague idea of what Ebonics is all about. Apart from being a buzzword in American media since December 1996 what are the fundamental concepts behind this expression? Where, how and when did it start, and who started it? What are the underlying reasons behind Ebonics? To fully understand Ebonics, some historical background is needed. One has to have some knowledge on how the English language has developed in America. Furthermore one has to be aware how the American society is loaded down with the influence of stereotypical thinking, racialism and competition. In his autobiography, the famous black spokesman, Minister Malcolm X, portrays the undisguised hostility that exists between white and black people in America. He illustrates this conflict with the following words: "†¦You cannot find one black man, I do not care who he is, who has not been personally damaged in some way by the devilish acts of the †¦ white man!. The greatest miracle †¦ in America is that the black †¦ has not grown violent †¦ they would have been justified by all moral criteria, and even by the democratic tradition" (The Autobiography of Malcolm X, page 371 & 349) Is Ebonics simply the democratic consequence, a black non-violent upraise against the "devilish acts of the white man" as as foreseen by Malcolm X? Who is pros... ...h standard of excellence for all its students. 2). Oakland Unified School District is providing its teachers and parents with the tools to address the diverse languages the children bring into the classroom. 3). The District's objective is to build on the language skills that African-American students bring to the classroom without devaluing students and their diversity. We have directly connected English language proficiency to student achievement. 4). The term "genetically-based" is synonymous with genesis. In the clause, "African Language Systems are genetically based and not a dialect of English," the term "genetically based" is used according to the standard dictionary definition of "has origins in." It is not used to refer to human biology. Hooked on Ebonics, p. 50 Ebonics: A Way to Close the Learning Gap?, p. A01 Among Linguists, Black English Gets Respect, p. A10 Race, Culture and Intelligence, p. 104 Two Nations, Black and White, Separate, Hostile, Unequal, p.42 Ebonics: A Way to Close the Learning Gap?, p. A01 Synopsis of the adopted policy on standard American English Language development, appendix 1 Ebonics: A Way to Close the Learning Gap?, p. A01

Reflecting on Wisdom Essay

The one individual that I consider to be very wise is Bishop T.D. Jakes. Even though, I have never met him face-to-face; words spoken by him has inspired mass congregations; as well as me. Opposing to common beliefs, wisdom is not the ability to be knowledgeable about everything, but to a certain extent holding an open mind to additionally enhance comprehensions A wise person considers anything they say before they speak and discuss about area of circumstances he/she knows about and asks questions about the ones he/she are not familiar with. Individuals who have wisdom are inclined to be modest instead of displaying show-offs mentality. A wise individual have a tendency not to be competitive and do not mind if others have the notion to accuse them of being wrong. People with wisdom also know that people will gain knowledge at their own rate and in their own time, therefore not staring down on someone just because they are not equally understood. Wise people have great insight and a g ifted ability to articulate it without belittling or embarrassing others. My favorite characteristic of a wise person is their ability to look beyond what is obvious (especially in unfavorable circumstances) and focus on the subject at hand. It must be also being made aware of that wisdoms come from life encounters, mirror image and/or educational training. Bishop T.D. Jakes holds these characteristics traits as an individual of wisdom. Bishop Jakes uses illustrations from his personal experiences in life, in addition to the lives of others which is under his counseling; Bishop Jakes provides pointed guidance on how to shift from battle to triumph, from prey to conqueror. Motivating and revitalizing direct honesty, this is the ultimate source for those seeking to comprehend and care for the love ones in their lives. This lends a hand decoding individual’s often impenetrable conduct which offers one-on-one approaches for better understanding and therapeutic in a person’s affiliations. Books such as, He-Motions written by Bishop T.D.  Jakes h ave put into words precision and prospect to everyone; which help them strengthen their relationships with themselves, others, and with their Savior. It has also given females the explanations they try to find as they communicate to the men they be devoted to. It may seem unbelievable to some because of the fact; a book causing so many people to get nearer as one in relationships and closer to God. Wisdom is that attribute of spirituality by which creates the greatest potential outcome with the greatest potential measures; through ministry and spirituality. Wisdom and intellect-knowledge are not equivalent, yet are strongly associated. Knowledge is obtained by building up information, but wisdom is effects from the approaching of issues that are learned. Knowledge is the bits and pieces made known through which wisdom put together its formation. An individual not educated possibly will be wiser than the most knowledgeable intellectual in actuality time and again are! While speaking of Bishop’s wisdom, it stands for his capability to formulate flawless conclusions and to accomplish those conclusions by great measures. Bishop in his wisdom makes use of the unlimited knowledge so that he may accomplish his objective in a means which praises God the greatest. All that is done by him seems to be prepared with flawless wisdom. Bishop perceives every thing in its proper relation to everything else, and so He is able to work toward His predestined goals with flawless precision. These are the reason, Bishop T.D. Jakes is known by many as a man of wisdom. He has changed lives through his knowledge of the Bible. There is not any study of more importance or value than a study of the nature and attributes of spirituality. In the past few years, I have been drawn deeper into what is known as, â€Å"The Words of God†. This is the reason why attributes of spirituality is the area, in which I have developed most fully. At the same time, not anything in life worth having was ever gained overnight. Therefore, I feel much work is ahead for me; to fully develop in future years come. Neither knowledge nor wisdom is gained overnight; it is a continuous growth process for years to come.

Crimes of the Poverty Stricken vs. the Affluent - 875 Words

The crimes of today are vast and varied amongst the different socioeconomic statuses. Crimes committed by poverty stricken individuals are many times out of necessity. For example, a mother who needs to feed her children will often resort to stealing food or small, expensive items that can be converted to cash. â€Å"Poverty can lead to high levels of stress that in turn may lead individuals to commit theft, robbery, or other violent acts.†(Taylor 2006). On the other side of the coin there are also the crimes committed by the affluent. For many of the same reasons such as stress; stress to succeed or compete with the neighbours or others in the same socioeconomic status. There is also another dimension to consider that is often overlooked; the degree of violence or careless disregard of others when these crimes are committed. The media highlights on a daily basis, crimes being committed across the nation. The news is usually about the smaller crimes committed by the poverty stricken. Robbery, theft, gang violence, domestic abuse and drug raids are the hallmark of the news and very often it is acknowledged, sadly, as a part of day to day life. However, the big news that catches the attention of almost everyone is the child abductions, murders and rapes. More often than not these crimes are committed by people that come from affluence. Andrew Luster, the great-grandson of Max Factor Cosmetics magnate Max Factor Senior and heir to the family fortune was living on a 3.8Show MoreRelatedEducation Crisis in America2463 Words   |  10 Pagesin America Currently the U.S. has a major problem on its hands, education today is constantly losing money while we put more of that money and time into our prisons rather than our schools. By showing kids that it is more important to be tough on crime than it is for a proper education is wrong. If these practices continue you can expect to see higher drop-out rates and larger prison populations. Education should be the U.S.’s top priority and we should take pride in the greatest education systemRead MoreProstitution in India6516 Words   |  27 Pagespossess the right to rescue and rehabilitation if they desire and possess all the rights of other citizens. In practice SITA is not commonly used. The  Indian Penal Code  (IPC) which predates the SITA is often used to charge sex workers with vague crimes such as public indecency or being a public nuisance without explicitly defining what these consist of. Recently the old law has been amended as  The Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act  or PITA. Attempts to amend this to criminalise clients  [14]  haveRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 PagesTable 9.1 Table 9.2 Table 9.3 Table 10.1 Table 10.2 Knowledge constituting philosophical assumptions Hierarchy of science and organization theory Fatalism and optimism in the ‘new’ modernist organization Bell’s stages of societal development Fordism vs. post-fordism The incidence of part-time work in European Union member states Modernism versus postmodernism Affirmative versus sceptical postmodernism The changing condition of knowledge Pay and profits: Long run performance of FTSE 100 companies (2002

Essay about Dbq 1 - 921 Words

It was inevitable and unavoidable that violence and dispossession were outcomes of the centuries-long confirmation of Native Americans with European settlers and their American descendants. European settlers were relentless whenever they were introduced to things that were appealing to their eye. If they wanted it, then they would go get it due to the superior mindset of the Europeans. European settlers first came to the New World for multiple reasons. It started with Christopher Columbus wanting to find a shorter and quicker route to the East. Failing to do so, he made the New World’s existence known to the Old World. It wasn’t just the Europeans who decided to come to the New World. The Spanish government was informed of the New World†¦show more content†¦He understood that Europeans and Natives both have cultural differences. One thing that seems very taboo to the Europeans may be very common for the Natives. The differences in cultures affect our mindset an d perspective on how we see things. Franklin understood that they had a different way of living life. (Doc 3) Shawnee leader, Tecumseh, was not a happy Native. He blamed the greed and oppression of the Europeans for the destruction of the Native American cultures. The Europeans greed led them to strip the land from the Natives, and try in forcing their religion upon the Natives. Tecumseh believed that the land was for all. There was nothing about selling, taking, and giving the land away. The Europeans just did not have that mindset at all. Red Jacket was a Seneca leader. He was very discouraged of the fact that they took the land of the Natives, but even more because they wanted to force their religion upon the Native Americans. The Europeans were ruthless when it came to this. They did not think about their feelings and the actions that could hurt the Natives. (Doc 4, 5, 6) In the 1800’s, U.S. Secretary of War amp; U.S. Secretary of Interior were both not very kind to the N atives. John C. Calhoun was U.S. Secretary in 1820 at the time. He believed that Native Americans had no right of ruling themselves. He believed that they were uncivilized and that they had no right of even being knownShow MoreRelatedap dbq 11003 Words   |  5 Pages14th, 2014 Graded Assignment Document-Based Question: Religious Views on War Complete and submit this assignment by the due date to receive full credit. (45 points) 1. To complete this Graded Assignment, retrieve the Religious Views on War DBQ. Use this document with its essay instructions and the DBQ Checklist to complete this DBQ essay. Please consult the rubric throughout the process. Using the documents, compare the views of major world religions on war. 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Essay on Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) - 1308 Words

Social anxiety disorder (social phobia) can be described as an extreme, persistent fear of being scrutinized or judged by others in social situations. This fear may lead to feelings of embarrassment, humiliation and self-consciousness. People who suffer from this condition may â€Å"feel powerless against their anxiety† (ADAA). These emotions often interfere with daily activities, such as school, work and personal relationships. The person might begin to withdraw socially or avoid situations in which he or she is afraid. Millions of Americans endure this devastating condition every day of their lives. There are several causes, symptoms and treatments. Statistics show a significant rise in people being diagnosed with social anxiety disorder†¦show more content†¦Additionally, the 2011 Mayo Clinic article states that certain factors can increase the risk of developing social anxiety disorder. These include â€Å"negative experiences in childhood, such as teasing, bu llying, rejection, ridicule of humiliation.† This article also states that specific events in adulthood can trigger social anxiety disorder symptoms for the first time. Some triggers include â€Å"meeting new people, giving a speech in public, and witnessing the anxiety of other people.† In addition, having a health condition like â€Å"facial disfigurement, stuttering, Parkinson’s disease and other health conditions† may also trigger feelings of self-consciousness. For instance, most people have felt shy or insecure on occasion, however, it does not interfere with their daily routines. On the other hand, people suffering from social anxiety disorder experience severe emotional, physical and behavioral symptoms. These symptoms hinder the person from functioning normally on a daily basis (Smith/Jaffe-Gill, 2014). Emotionally, the person fears being criticized and judged by others in everyday social situations. He or she is scared that they might embarrass or humiliate themselves. Frequently, when speaking in public, a person with social anxiety disorder might think, â€Å"Was that a yawn? She thinks I’m boring!† (Stein, 2007). These negative thoughts lead to serious physical symptoms, such as shortness of breath,Show MoreRelatedSocial Anxiety Disorder ( Sad ) Essay1221 Words   |  5 PagesSocial Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is the third largest mental health problem in the world. The latest government data shows that social anxiety disorders affect about 7% of the population at any given time. The lifetime prevalence rate (the chances of developing a social anxiety disorder at any time during their lifespan) stands slightly above 13% (Richards Ph.D., Psychologist, 2016). Social Anxiety is not shyness; it is a real disorder that involves interaction with others. 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This fear may seem disproportionate to the situation faced and sociocultural context involved, but is salient enough to be debilitating and effect daily functioning. ). Many of the afflicted inhibit theirRead MoreSocial Anxiety Disorder (SAD) Essay735 Words   |  3 Pages Social Anxiety Disorder (social phobia) is the third largest mental health care problem in the world. Latest government epidemiological data show social phobia affects over 7% of the population at any given time. The lifetime prevalence rate (i.e., the chances of developing social anxiety disorder at any time during the lifespan) stands at above 13%. Definition: Social anxiety is the fear of social situations that involve interaction with other people. Put anotherRead MoreEssay about Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD)1173 Words   |  5 PagesSocial Anxiety Social Anxiety Disorders is defined as a marked and persistent fear of one or more social or performance situations in which the person is exposed to unfamiliar people or possible scrutiny by others (Cuncic). People who do not believe in this disorder think that it’s just shyness that is being pathologized (Cuncic). Just because you may be a little shy or a bit nervous on occasion doesnt mean that you have this condition. Social Anxiety Disorders are psychological problemsRead MoreEssay about Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD)1072 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Social Anxiety Disorder or social phobia, is the third largest mental health care problem in the world. (Stein, 2010) National statistical surveys carried out in 2002 in the United Kingdom suggest that the prevalence rates for social phobias among young people in the UK were around 4%. (National Statistics, 2002) ‘Social phobia is characterised by intense and persistent fear of social situations in which scrutiny and embarrassment could occur’. (Orsillo Hammond 2001, p.159)Read MoreSocial Anxiety Disorder ( Sad )1238 Words   |  5 PagesSocial Anxiety Disorder Affecting One’s Life Social anxiety disorder (SAD), also known as social phobia, is the most common mental illness in the United States. About 40 million people suffer from this mental disorder. Many tend to confuse this disorder with shyness and nervousness, which are not considered a part of the phobia. Having a SAD can interfere with one’s daily life cycle. People who have SAD often starts to develop this illness during their childhood and adolescence years. Patients areRead MoreHow I Overcame Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) Essay example1387 Words   |  6 Pagesof a panic disorder and those of an anxiety disorder. With each question I gave a nod in response, not a â€Å"yes†, not even a â€Å"yeah†, just a nod.â€Å"Have you ever experienced a rapid heartbeat, faintness of breath associated with these experiences?† I nodded. â€Å"Have you ever experienced sweating, numbness, shaking in this context† she asked. I nodded. A few minutes later, several question and se veral nods had brought her to a conclusion. I had a panic and anxiety disorder in relation to social stimuli whichRead MoreMananaging Social Anxiety Disorder1491 Words   |  6 PagesMANAGING SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER INTRODUCTION 1. The concept of fear dated back as far as 400 BC. During this time, Hippocrates, an ancient Greek physician described the overly shy person as â€Å"someone who loves darkness as life and thinks every man observes him†. When fear is persistent and exaggerated, it results to tension and stress and consequently, anxiety. 2. 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Introduction to Contract and Procurement for SAP-myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theIntroduction to Contract and Procurement for SAP. Answer: Sometimes vendors need further management and negotiations where they could have required much attention to achieve set goals for the case study. As per the government of Australia, the State Procurement Board is the first principle in Government and the management is almost clearing the successful guaranty of the procurement where the outcomes are great through the process of appropriate governance. Also, the regular documentation which includes capable persons who will enhance successful procurement through the procurement which is the success It is found by the individual consultant in the review of the case study of new Royal Adelaide that the procurement of clinical equipment which is not lined up to Strategic Acquisition Hospital (SAP) and its managed inadequately ( Neu, Everett Rahaman, 2015). The report which is provided to state procurement board is always not brief to monitoring procurement in SAP. The project of procurement is mostly divided into two phases. The contractor who has completed a certain scope is found effective as per procurement if it is managed in the right manner. There are key areas in procurement accountability. The procurement strategies ensure that there is a successful internal environment that is in the manufacturing sector to ensure that there is transparency and it mainly helps in ensuring that everything is successful by use of the resources which are involved in procuring (Sikka Lehman 2015). The regular and qualitative documentation which follows the procurement arrangements may include the probity, project timeliness, procurement budget and also the procurement strategy which has guaranty regarding scope, timing cost and avoiding delays and risks. References Neu, D., Everett, J., Rahaman, A. S. (2015). Preventing corruption within government procurement: Constructing the disciplined and ethical subject.Critical Perspectives on Accounting,28, 49-61. Sikka, P., Lehman, G. (2015). The supply-side of corruption and limits to preventing corruption within government procurement and constructing ethical subjects.Critical Perspectives on Accounting,28, 62-70.

Superfund Issue Essays (1114 words) - Hazardous Waste,

Superfund Issue Overview/Analysis of Superfund Overview There have been few environmental problems that have posed the same level of concern as that of the hazardous waste issue. Similarly, few environmental laws have caused the level of frustration as that felt towards Superfund, the main legislative tool that was designed to address the public fears in regards to hazardous waste. Superfund is a law that was passed in 1980. It is formally known as the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, or CERCLA. It established a special fund called the Superfund Trust Fund as a pot of money, 1.6 billion over 5 years, which was originally planned to finance the clean up of some 400 sites. Today, Superfund has grown into one of the nations largest environmental projects with over 30 billion being spent on over 1200 sites. The EPA, with the aid of state and tribal governments, is the agency charged with implementing and enforcing the Superfund Program. Since the Superfund was designed to be used for abandoned sites where the responsible parties are unknown or bankrupt, the EPA makes every effort to identify the parties responsible for the contamination so they can be held liable for the costs of the cleanup. Superfund sites are discovered by local and state agencies performing inspections, businesses, the EPA, the Coast Guard or anybody else who takes the initiative to report a potentially hazardous waste site to the National Hotline Number. When sites are identified the EPA must decide if it requires an emergency response, an early action, or a long-term action. EPA Overview/Analysis of Superfund uses a scorecard method called the Hazard Ranking System (HRS) to determine the level of danger in a hazardous waste site. If the site requires immediate action to eliminate serious risk to human health or the environment, it will be dealt with as an emergency response. If a site poses a threat in the near future, an early action will be enacted to contain the risk. Typically, Early Action goals are to; prevent direct human contact with contaminants from the site; remove hazardous materials from the site; prevent contaminants from spreading off the site; provide water to residents whose drinking water has been contaminated by the site; or temporarily or permanently evacuate and, if necessary, relocate nearby residents. Early actions can last from a few days up to 5 years. If a site has been polluted for many years, it may take a few years to decades to cleanup. For sites such as these, Long-Term Actions are taken which include restoring ground water and taking measures to protect wetlands, estuaries, and other ecological resources. The people responsible for contamination areas are referred to as Potentially Responsible Parties (PRPs). The EPA has many ways of identifying PRPs. EPA investigators review site files kept by Federal, state and local agencies, review land deeds and titles at the local courthouse, look for names on drums or other hazardous materials at the site, and interview employees, former employees or neighbors of the site. When a responsible party is found, they can be used to find other responsible parties. Once the parties are identified, the EPA generates information request letters to get further information concerning the PRPs ability to pay for the cleanup action. Overview/Analysis of Superfund Analysis The Superfund program is without question a necessity that, even if having met none of its intended goals, has managed to enhance the awareness of the responsible parties of hazardous waste sites. For that alone it as been of great value in reducing the occurrence of hazardous waste sites which would have previously developed as a result of environmental ignorance But, as an effective tool for cleanup, it's not as successful as had been hoped. The two major complaints of Superfund are the enormous costs and the long delays in processing a site for cleanup. As of 1996, only about 200 of the 1200 sites listed on the National Priority List had been completely cleaned up and with a cost average of $30 million and 12 years per site. One of the chief reasons for Superfund's exploding costs is the free-for-all pursuit of responsible parties allowed by the act. Superfund calls for retroactive liability, meaning that corporate practices that might have been perfectly legal, fully permitted and safe

Sources of Digital Forensic Data

Abstract Sources of data for digital forensics include storage media, file systems, and network equipment, among others. The data sources differ according to cases. Investigators can focus on account audits, live data systems, and intrusion detection systems to understand usage and trace intruders, until identification occurs.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Sources of Digital Forensic Data specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Internet service provider (ISP) records, virtual machines, and network drives are also sources of data for digital forensics. This paper discusses the primary sources of digital forensic data for handling network intrusions and malware installations, as well as instances of insider file deletion. It discusses the merits and demerits of each source, and then decides the best way for investigators to conduct investigations and deliver court-admissible evidence. Introduction Digital foren sics deals with the identification, extraction, analysis, and presentation of digital evidence present in digital devices. Appropriate tools and techniques must be used to succeed in digital forensics operations. Forensic investigations begin with data collection. They then examine the collected data, analyze it, and report it to the relevant offices. In the first step, the investigator deals with the media that hosts the data. In the second step, examination happens to the data itself, which yields information that becomes usable for the analysis part. Finally, the investigators come up with a report that serves as evidence. The above template on digital forensics is used in this paper to evaluate four primary sources of data that would be useful for digital forensics in network intrusion, malware installation, and insider file deletion. The paper discusses the basic elements of each type of compromise, before considering its four primary sources of data that an investigator would find appropriate for presenting evidence.Advertising Looking for research paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Network Intrusion Network intrusion happens when unauthorized persons can communicate over a network and receive feedback in the form of data that is usable. The unwanted communication can lead to loss of sensitive information from organizations or individuals. Intruders can steal, delete, or alter formation to affect its integrity. They can issue instructions for hardware or software to operate abnormally. At the same time, network intruders may only view information and then use it as part of their strategy to attack an individual or an organization in other ways, such as blackmail. Sources of data for network intrusion, according to priority The primary sources of data for network intrusion forensics investigation are the intrusion detection system, account auditing, live system data, and ISP records. Intrusion detection systems In the first case, network administrators reconfigure intrusion detection systems specifically to monitor network vulnerabilities. The area of focus depends on prior exposures of the network to intruders. With the dedicated monitoring, it is possible to collect adequate information about an intrusion without crippling other functionalities of the network. Thus, the attacker will be unaware of the tracking system and will intrude into the primary system to carry out a given digital crime. The intrusion detection system can be automatic. Here, it will respond to any abnormality in network traffic by alerting administrators and increasing surveillance of a potential attack. Such a system relies on signature matching. It actively searches the network connection and activities of users or devices on the network to identify abnormalities and provide an alert whenever an incident matches the rules of an attack.Advertising We will write a custo m research paper sample on Sources of Digital Forensic Data specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Skilled attackers can fool the system with fake signatures to cause a false alarm and distract the network surveillance officers. The only way to cope with intruders using the method is by ensuring that it has the latest software and hardware updates. Account audits Account auditing comes in handy when administrators want to detect an intrusion after it has happened. The post-detection capabilities make the method preferable for presentation of network intrusion evidence. It works through the delivery of information that allows investigators to preserve evidence, reconstruct the crime, and trail an intruder. At the same time, account auditing ensures that there is a match between intruders’ profiles and then register unauthorized usage attempts on the network. All networks should have asset control mechanisms that combine technical and administrative controls. They ensure that access is monitored through identification and authentication of users. Given that the security of the network depends on different nodes, focus on auditing should also be on all the nodes to maintain integrity. Network resources must require users to use strong authentication to deter opportunistic intruders and to make evidence of an actual intrusion to stand out. Live system data Live system data provides logs that investigators use to create a map of an intruder’s activities on their network. They may then use the time-stamped map to corroborate other evidence about an intrusion. For example, a sniffer log can offer records of backdoor intrusions and attempts to force passwords to access administrator privileges in a number of computers connected to the network.Advertising Looking for research paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More With live system data, the aim of the investigator is to capture information concerning volatile data that may disappear when a device powers off or it is disconnected from the network. Investigators use specialized tools that automate the process to achieve their objective. However, when logging of access and monitoring of users on computers does not accompany accurate identification of sources of the logs, then evidence captured as live system’s data may end up being invalid in court because it cannot attribute a given action to a person purported to have intruded on the network with accuracy. Records from ISP When investigators exhaust the data sources within the organization, such as the three identified above, they can move on to seek assistance from service providers. Many ISPs monitor network usage to enforce fair usage policies and to increase compliance with security protocols. Therefore, ISPs can avail names, emails, mailing addresses, and specific usage records, su ch as the identification of devices that connect to their networks. An important challenge that investigators may face when seeking to collect data from ISPs is the need for a subpoena. At the same time, the information captured by ISPs may be in a format that is only used by the organization. This would introduce new interpretation barriers when the information is presented as evidence in court. Moreover, some details may be lost during interpretation. Malware Installation Malware can emerge from a number of sources and cause damage to computer systems. Detection relies on the identification of the point of installation to the computer system before the malware makes changes (Aquilina Malin, 2010). With different types of malware, investigators need to be aware of the installation options that hackers and other intruders can use to fix malware and prevent detection by the computer system or its user. The use of anti-virus programs can help to detect potential intrusion and remove malware from an infected system. The anti-malware program will vary according to the capabilities of taking out rootkits, spyware, worms, and viruses, which are all categories of malware. For malware installation, evidence can come from live system data, intrusion detection systems, virtual machines, and infected, corrupt files (Aquilina Malin, 2010). Sources of data for malware installation according to priority Live system data The live system data is helpful when an investigator wants to tell when malware was installed on a computer. The investigator will look at all the traffic that is coming into and leaving the computer and then deduce whether it is normal or abnormal, according to previous user statistics under the same circumstances (Brand, Valli, Woodward, 2010). Investigators may use the various vulnerability access tools to detect abnormal network traffic. Standard tools include Nmap, which is a network mapping tool that helps one discover connections that a computer is making to a network (Aquilina Malin, 2010). For detailed reviews, commercial software comes handy because it is specially made to provide reports on the status of network routing tables, system drivers, and running processes on a computer. One challenge facing live system data usage is the fact that malware evolves in its design and installation methods. Therefore, investigators must be keen on following clues presented by the data, even if they do not make sense at the initial look. Intrusion detection system A second source of data is an intrusion detection system installed on computers. A good example is an anti-malware program or a firewall that monitors computer activities of users and programs. It keeps logs and shares them with databases filled with information about possible intrusion pathways. When an action or request violates the system’s policy, the user or the system administrator flags it for further review. At the same time, the administrator could make expli cit instructions for the intrusion detection system to follow when dealing with actual malware installation incidences. The data captured by the system, which can include the identity of malware and origin, is then presented as evidence. It can help to exonerate computer users from accusations of malice (Maras, 2014). Virtual machines Virtual machines serve as forensic data sources when there is a need to show that a computer has been compromised, or to trap a malware and study its behavior. Virtual machines operate like ordinary computers, but they have limitations on file access and can be installed or uninstalled with ease, without affecting current computer usage capabilities. When investigators are interested in behavioral malware analysis, they opt for virtual machine setups that may utilize different platforms and offer customized environments without requiring the investigator to acquire actual computers (Nelson, Phillips, Steuart, 2010). During the observation process, inv estigators can use ordinary forms of collecting evidence on computers such as logging and taking screenshots that will aid in further interpretation of outcomes and help to explain malware actions when presenting evidence. Although virtual machines are handy at collecting data, they may show signs to malware programs such that the malware stops behaving as it would in an actual computer environment. This limitation prevents investigators from finding out the real extent of exploits that malware installations pose. Compromised or infected files Another source of data for reporting malware installation is the compromised files that exist on the computer. Infected files do not behave like normal files, and they may consist of data that is corrupted. Investigators will use the patterns of data corruption to identify a given malware type. However, the method is not very reliable because most data collected this way is volatile and can change when transferred to other systems. Presenting evidence in such cases may require investigators to provide the entire computer system to maintain the integrity of proof, rather than copying data and move it to other systems using portable drives (Nelson, Phillips, Steuart, 2010). Insider File Deletion Some network or database intrusions are due to insiders and detection is usually hard because insiders are already aware of the various security measures implemented by an organization to fight unauthorized access (Schwartz, 2011). Sources of data for insider file deletion according to priority Live system data The first and most appropriate way to get evidence for insider file deletion is by using live system data. There is evidence left behind when there is an intrusion into a computer system, in what experts equate to broken windows in physical break-ins. The broken window principle applies to file systems, where investigators evaluate file-access patterns on the victim’s computers. It is a fact that computer users will use a given set of files frequently and leave others untouched. Therefore, detectors can just analyze usage patterns and check for anomalies. For example, when insiders are deleting files, they are likely to remove a whole set of files to ensure that their target data is destroyed. Meanwhile, user authorized deletion will mostly only cover a particular range of files or a single file at a time. Investigators use probability and statistics to reconstruct timelines of computer usage to understand people’s actual behavior. Thus, an examiner will look at the directories and the subdirectories and note their time-date stamps of access to form a continuous outlook of a user authorized and unauthorized access. The evidence presented by the timeline analysis can then serve to identify unwanted deletion, because it only relies on logs, such MAC timestamps that record recent file modification and not particular device identities (Grier, 2011). Hard drives Another source of information is hard drives, where investigators are interested in non-volatile system data. The first step is to come up with an exact copy of a hard drive picked from a computer or networks that had the insider file deletion. Without making a copy of the hard disk, the investigator may end up interfering with the only source of evidence and make it invalid. At the same time, the collection of information from hard drives will only be possible when the information in question is non-volatile. Third-party applications are capable of reconstructing master file tables on the hard disk to make it possible to recover deleted files. The option is only available when the old file is not overwritten entirely by a new file. However, it is easy to infringe the technology; a smart computer user may use sophisticated software to delete files and its evidence by overwriting data immediately after the initial deletion. Network drives In addition to the computer hard drives, investigators may use network driv es as additional sources of evidence. Network drives allow users to access the same files simultaneously and share the same files. Some network drives may contain copies of files that are located on all the computers connected to a network. In such situations, the investigator will verify the integrity of a folder on a user’s computer by checking whether it corresponds to the folder stored on the network drive. In other cases, network drives have unique information logs that are stored as non-volatile data for every computer connected to the network. This can be another source of digital evidence. Most importantly, investigators can use file recovery tools to reconstruct the pathways and find deleted files. However, the same shortcomings highlighted when discussing hard drives will be present when analyzing network drives. In many cases, the hardware is the same; it is only the deployment architecture that differs between the two. Additionally, the same principles applied to the network or computer hard drives would apply to any storage media installed in systems or used as a periphery device. First, the media has to be cloned to avoid tampering with evidence, which would make it unusable (Al-Hajri Williams, 2007). Audit records Audit records offer a fourth source of data for insider file deletion. The records are created by operating systems installed in computers. An administrator with enough privileges sets up the audit component in the operating system and then safeguards it against manipulation by non-authorized users. Together with audits, it is possible to monitor user physical activities on computers, such as keystroke and video surveillance. The collected information will show the identity of the user and the particular activity that was going on at the time of data deletion. Unfortunately, the use of auditing and physical monitoring is only effective when the subjects are subordinate staffs. Managers in organizations may have privileges that allow them to shut down the audit and surveillance systems when they want to delete files. However, even in such cases, the loss of evidence in this way will offer investigators new evidence to show that administrators were involved in data deletion. One of the shortcomings in physical monitoring is that it may be a violation of personal privacy, thereby causing the evidence collected to be useless in court (Capshaw, 2011). Conclusion The integrity of the data collected by investigators relies on the procedure used to extract data from the sources identified in this paper. Investigators should evaluate the likely value of data and then use the evaluation to determine the right procedure for collection. Another important consideration is the volatility of the data, which relates to whether data would be lost when a live system powers down. In such cases, the priority would be to acquire the volatile data before it disappears and then move on to handle non-volatile data. In many insta nces, digital forensics requires multiple evidence sources to incriminate a person. The use of multiple data sources and procedures helps the investigator to reach the goal of getting tangible evidence. However, different sources, such as accounting audit, live system data, intrusion detection systems, and computer storage media pose varied hardships for the investigator when collecting data. Dealing with an ISP may involve a legal process that takes time and effort, yet getting logs from a computer or network router would be easier. While collecting data from various sources, investigators must be aware of the ability of intruders or insider wrong doers to cover their tracks. For example, intruders using malware installations may program the malware to interfere with logging parameters on an infected computer, thereby compromising data that investigators would collect from the infected computer. Therefore, it is important for forensic investigators to verify the integrity of the da ta they collect. References Al-Hajri, H., Williams, P. (2007). The effectiveness of investigative tools for secure digital (SD) memory card forensics. 5th Australian Digital Forensics Conference. Perth: Edith Cowan University – Research Online. Aquilina, J. M., Malin, C. H. (2010). Malware forensic field guide for windows systems, digital forensics field guides. New York, NY: Syngress. Brand, M., Valli, C., Woodward, A. (2010). Malware forensics: Discovery of the intent of deception. Proceedings of 8th Australian digital forensics conference, (pp. 1-5). Perth. Capshaw, J. (2011, April 1). Computer forensics: Why your erased data is at risk. Web. Grier, J. (2011). Detecting data theft using stochastic forensics. Digital Investigation, 8, s71-s77. Maras, M.-H. (2014). Computer forensics cyber criminals, laws and evidence. Burlington, MA: Jons Barlett. Nelson, B., Phillips, A., Steuart, C. (2010). Computer forensics and investigations (3rd ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning . Schwartz, M. J. (2011, December 13). How digital forensics detects insider theft. Web. This research paper on Sources of Digital Forensic Data was written and submitted by user Jaxon E. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.